Review





Similar Products

mcf 7  (ATCC)
99
ATCC mcf 7
μRB bioinks support multicellular patterning to model breast cancer-bone invasion at tissue interface. (A) Schematic of experimental design: bioprinting of MSCs and osteogenic differentiation to derive bone grid, followed by injection of breast cancer bioink, and monitoring invasion over time using confocal microscopy. (B) Confocal images of MSCs (red) after printing (Scale bar = 1 mm). (C) Confocal images of scaffold sections containing CellTracker-labeled MSCs (red) after 28 days of osteogenic differentiation and GFP + MDA-MB-231 cells extruded into the open pores of the grids (green) (Scale bar = 200 μm). (D) Confocal images of patterned MSC-derived bone (red) with MDA-MB-231 <t>and</t> <t>MCF-7</t> breast cancer cells (green) after 14 days of co-culture (Scale bar = 1 mm). (E) Quantification of breast cancer cell invasion: percentage that remain in open pores vs. invading into the MSC-bone compartment (n = 5 per group). Values are reported as mean ± S.D. and p-values were determined by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's multiple comparisons test; ∗∗p ≤ 0.01, ∗∗∗p ≤ 0.005, ∗∗∗∗p ≤ 0.001.
Mcf 7, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/mcf 7/product/ATCC
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
mcf 7 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
mcf  (ATCC)
99
ATCC mcf
(a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, <t>MCF-7,</t> and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Mcf, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/mcf/product/ATCC
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
mcf - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
cell culture mcf 7  (ATCC)
99
ATCC cell culture mcf 7
(a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, <t>MCF-7,</t> and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Cell Culture Mcf 7, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/cell culture mcf 7/product/ATCC
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
cell culture mcf 7 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
breast cancer cell lines mcf 7  (ATCC)
99
ATCC breast cancer cell lines mcf 7
(a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, <t>MCF-7,</t> and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Breast Cancer Cell Lines Mcf 7, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/breast cancer cell lines mcf 7/product/ATCC
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
breast cancer cell lines mcf 7 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
mcf 7 cells  (ATCC)
99
ATCC mcf 7 cells
(a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, <t>MCF-7,</t> and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Mcf 7 Cells, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/mcf 7 cells/product/ATCC
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
mcf 7 cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
dox treatment mcf  (ATCC)
99
ATCC dox treatment mcf
(a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, <t>MCF-7,</t> and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Dox Treatment Mcf, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/dox treatment mcf/product/ATCC
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
dox treatment mcf - by Bioz Stars, 2026-03
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


μRB bioinks support multicellular patterning to model breast cancer-bone invasion at tissue interface. (A) Schematic of experimental design: bioprinting of MSCs and osteogenic differentiation to derive bone grid, followed by injection of breast cancer bioink, and monitoring invasion over time using confocal microscopy. (B) Confocal images of MSCs (red) after printing (Scale bar = 1 mm). (C) Confocal images of scaffold sections containing CellTracker-labeled MSCs (red) after 28 days of osteogenic differentiation and GFP + MDA-MB-231 cells extruded into the open pores of the grids (green) (Scale bar = 200 μm). (D) Confocal images of patterned MSC-derived bone (red) with MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells (green) after 14 days of co-culture (Scale bar = 1 mm). (E) Quantification of breast cancer cell invasion: percentage that remain in open pores vs. invading into the MSC-bone compartment (n = 5 per group). Values are reported as mean ± S.D. and p-values were determined by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's multiple comparisons test; ∗∗p ≤ 0.01, ∗∗∗p ≤ 0.005, ∗∗∗∗p ≤ 0.001.

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Ribbon-shaped microgels as bioinks for 3D bioprinting of anisotropic tissue structures

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.12.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: μRB bioinks support multicellular patterning to model breast cancer-bone invasion at tissue interface. (A) Schematic of experimental design: bioprinting of MSCs and osteogenic differentiation to derive bone grid, followed by injection of breast cancer bioink, and monitoring invasion over time using confocal microscopy. (B) Confocal images of MSCs (red) after printing (Scale bar = 1 mm). (C) Confocal images of scaffold sections containing CellTracker-labeled MSCs (red) after 28 days of osteogenic differentiation and GFP + MDA-MB-231 cells extruded into the open pores of the grids (green) (Scale bar = 200 μm). (D) Confocal images of patterned MSC-derived bone (red) with MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells (green) after 14 days of co-culture (Scale bar = 1 mm). (E) Quantification of breast cancer cell invasion: percentage that remain in open pores vs. invading into the MSC-bone compartment (n = 5 per group). Values are reported as mean ± S.D. and p-values were determined by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's multiple comparisons test; ∗∗p ≤ 0.01, ∗∗∗p ≤ 0.005, ∗∗∗∗p ≤ 0.001.

Article Snippet: Breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 (ATCC) and MCF-7 (ATCC) were lentivirus transduced to express GFP and cultured in DMEM media (4.5 g L −1 glucose) supplemented with 10 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum and 1 % (v/v) penicillin-streptomycin.

Techniques: Injection, Confocal Microscopy, Labeling, Derivative Assay, Co-Culture Assay

(a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Expanding the toolbox of bioorthogonal activation of photosensitizers for precise photodynamic therapy through transition metal-mediated deallylation

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.102797

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after incubation with Pro-BDP-3 (5.0 μM) for 2 h with or without further incubation with RuL2 or RuL3 (2.5 μM) for a further 4 h (red fluorescence; λ ex = 633 nm, λ em = 650–900 nm). The cells being incubated with BDP-COOH (5.0 μM) for 2 h were used as the positive control. The cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst (1.0 μM) for 15 min (blue fluorescence; λ ex = 405 nm, λ em = 420–500 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (b) Corresponding mean red fluorescence intensities quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (c) Fluorescence confocal images of HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells after the aforementioned treatments and further incubation with H 2 DCFDA (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by light irradiation (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 ) for 8 min to give a total fluence of 12 J/cm 2 (green fluorescence; λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm). Scale bar = 20 μm. (d) Corresponding mean green fluorescence intensities of DCF quantified by ImageJ. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM for three independent experiments (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (e) Dark and photo (λ > 610 nm, 25.8 mW/cm 2 , 12 J/cm 2 ) cytotoxicity of BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 , RuL3 , and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 against HeLa, 4T1, MCF-7, and NIH 3T3 cells. The cells were incubated with BDP-COOH , Pro-BDP-3 , RuL2 , or RuL3 for 2 h. For Pro-BDP-3 + RuL2 and Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 , the cells were first incubated with Pro-BDP-3 for 2 h and then with RuL2 or RuL3 (0.5 equiv.) for a further 4 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (f) Photocytotoxicity of these agents at 5.0 μM and the combination treatments at 5.0 μM of Pro-BDP-3 against the four cell lines. The rightmost figure compiles the results for Pro-BDP-3 + RuL3 (∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments, each performed in quadruplicate. (g) Live/dead cell viability assay using calcein-AM and PI. The cells were treated as described above, followed by incubation with calcein-AM (1 μM) and PI (2 μM) in binding buffer (2 mL) at 37 °C for 30 min. The live cells were indicated by the green fluorescence of calcein-AM (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 493–550 nm), while the dead cells were indicated by the red fluorescence of PI (λ ex = 561 nm, λ em = 600–800 nm). Scale bar = 50 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: The HeLa human cervical cancer cells (ATCC, CCL-2), 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells (ATCC, CRL-2539), MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (ATCC, HTB-22), and NIH 3T3 murine embryonic fibroblast cells were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM, ThermoFisher, cat. no. 11965092) supplemented with fetal calf serum (10 %) and penicillin-streptomycin (100 unit/mL and 100 μg/mL, respectively).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Incubation, Positive Control, Staining, Irradiation, Viability Assay, Binding Assay